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The Mathematical Model of Tumor - Immune Interactions for Albuleukin Adoptive Immunotherapy

Malgorzata Kuchta and Larry Murg

Department of Mathematics

Northeastern Illinois University

The main goal of research in cancer immunology is the development of methods to harness and enhance the body's natural tendency to defend itself against malignant tumors. Immunotherapy represents a new and powerful weapon in the arsenal of anticancer treatments. Much data has been produced that indicates the effectiveness of introducing enhanced and expanded immune systems into cancer hosts. Adoptive Immunotherapy has now become part of standard cancer treatment. Specially, it is found that IL-2 therapy alone provides ample success for treatment of Metastatic Melanoma or Renal Cell Cancer. The Rosenburg study with 283 patients provides evidence that IL-2 can cause significant anti-tumor effects. High dose IL-2 gives great benefit to a small percentage of patients, including well documented remissions that are ongoing after over a decade and which are almost certainly cures. These probable cures are the reason to try high dose IL-2. Unfortunately there are some very serious side effects associated with IL-2 therapy like extensive multiorgan toxicity, therefore not every patients is able to tolerate IL-2 treatments. Human Genome Sciences is developing a new drug Albuleukin, which is a long-lasting form of interleukin-2. In our project we at first investigate the mathematical model presenting IL-2 Adoptive Immunotherapy. Than, using this model we illustrate the dynamics between tumor cells, immune-effector cells, and Albuleukin. Finally, we discuss biomedical implications of the obtained results.